In the pharmaceutical industry, when a firm discovers a new drug, patent law gives the firm a monopoly to produce the drug until the patent runs out (20 years in many developed countries such as Canada). When the patent expires, other firms enter the market to produce and sell a generic drug which is chemically identical to the former monopolist's brand-name drug. For instance, acetaminophen is the generic name for the name brand pain reliever drug Tylenol.
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