Anatomy & Physiology: Quiz: Bone Structure

Quiz: Bone Structure

1. Compact bone is made of concentric rings of osteocytes called __________.

a. lacunae

b. osteons

c. canaliculi

2. The osteocytes of bone are arranged in concentric rings called __________.

a. lamellae

b. lacunae

c. osteons

3. Osteocytes are stationary cells that sit in depressions in the lamellae. These depressions are called __________.

a. lacunae

b. central canals

c. osteons

4. Since osteocytes are stationary cells, they have to receive their nutrients via the __________.

a. lacunae

b. canaliculi

c. trabeculae

5. The ends of long bones are called the __________.

a. epiphyses

b. diaphyses

c. metaphyses

6. Which of the following is the growing line or growth zone or growth plate of the long bones?

a. epiphysis

b. diaphysis

c. metaphysis

7. There is a membrane that surrounds the outer covering of bones. This membrane consists of special cells called osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteoprogenitor cells. What is the name of the membrane?

a. articular cartilage

b. endosteum

c. periosteum

8. When a bone is injured, the __________ cells from the periosteum will repair the bone or rebuild the bone.

a. osteoblast

b. osteoclast

c. osteocytes

9. The long bones of our body, such as the humerus and femur, are made of compact bone, periosteum, and endosteum. Which of the following represents those bone components in proper sequence going from internal to external?

a. endosteum, compact bone, periosteum

b. endosteum, periosteum, compact bone

c. periosteum, compact bone, periosteum

10. When a bone is broken, it must repair itself. The broken bone stimulates osteoblast cells to become osteocytes. Where are the osteoblast cells located?

a. in the bone marrow

b. in the periosteum

c. in the compact bone area

11. Ligaments connect one bone to another and tendons connect a muscle to a bone. Ligaments and tendons connect to which part of bone material?

a. endosteum

b. epiphysis

c. periosteum

12. Bones store calcium ions. There are times when other parts of the body need calcium ions for chemical reactions (metabolism) to occur. The bones can supply those calcium ions by allowing calcium ions to leave the bones and enter into the bloodstream. The cells that induce this absorption of calcium ions into the bloodstream are the “bone destroying cells” called __________.

a. osteoblasts

b. osteoclasts

c. osteocytes

13. Articular cartilage is found __________.

a. at the ends of the epiphysis

b. on the outside of the diaphysis

c. within the epiphyseal plate

14. Bone marrow is found within the __________.

a. compact bone

b. lamellae of the bone

c. spongy (cancellous or trabecular) bone