Summary, Analysis, and Original Text by Chapter

Chapter 3

Ludovico Ludovico Sforza (1451–1508), Duke of Milan and son of Francesco Sforza. (See the List of Characters.)

Turks/Greece Forces of the Ottoman Empire (the Turks) controlled Greece and much of the Balkan peninsula in the 15th century and followed a policy of settling in their conquered territories.

Aetolians The Aetolians and Achaeans were rival confederacies of Greek states. In circa 211 B.C., the Aetolians asked the Romans to help them fight against Philip V of Macedon. The Romans defeated Philip and, a few years later, defeated the Aetolians and their new ally, Antiochus III of Syria, effectively taking over Greece.

King Louis Louis XII (1462–1515), King of France. (See the List of Characters.)

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