Philopoemen (253–184 B.C.) Greek general and leader of the Achaean League; he defeated Nabis the Spartan on several occasions.
Alexander Alexander the Great. Machiavelli proposes that Alexander imitated the example of Achilles, the legendary Greek warrior who appears in Homer's Iliad; Julius Caesar (100–44 B.C.), the great Roman general and emperor, imitated Alexander; and Scipio Africanus (circa 236–183 B.C.), another great Roman general, imitated Cyrus the Great, the founder of the Persian empire.
Xenophon author of the Cyropaedia, purportedly a biography of Cyrus the Great, but actually an exploration of how an ideal ruler should be educated.
