Summary and Analysis by Book

Books XII–XV

boundary stones boulders used to mark property lines in Greek communities.

casque a helmet; In anatomy the casque refers to a helmet-like body part; Homer, often refers to the skull with this term.

Cebriones one of Priam's bastard sons, killed by Achilles.

Polydamous one of the Trojan commanders.

battalion a large group of soldiers arrayed for battle.

bossed shield decorated with raised ornaments. The more modern term would be embossed.

God of the Earthquake Poseidon.

Panic god who personifies fear and riot among the troops.

Sleep god who is the brother of Death.

Zeus' conquests Danae, Ixion's wife, Europa, Semele, Alcmena, Demeter, and Leto are all listed by Zeus as sexual conquests. This list is his strange means of seducing his wife, Hera.

Styx, River of the Underworld Achilles was dipped in it by Thetis, making him invulnerable except for his heel. Gods also swore oaths by the River Styx.


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