If you were stranded on a deserted island, which possible new world leader would you call for advice?

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Summaries and Commentaries

Chapter 17

This chapter foreshadows the ending of the novel in two ways. First, we discover that Alfred has mixed feelings about boxing. He enjoys the workouts and the camaraderie at Donatelli’s Gym, but the violence of the sport bothers him.

As Alfred and his cousin Jeff become friends, he and Jeff find a common ground in their belief that they can contribute to a growing independence of the black community. The new Alfred pleasantly surprises Jeff. He recalls an Alfred who “seemed to just drift along.” This recalls how Alfred noticed, in Chapter 12, the “hungry-eyed” faces on street corners in Harlem, hopelessly waiting for something to happen. Alfred is no longer likely to join them. Now he wonders if he might be able to finish his high school education and provide leadership in a recreation center. Alfred quotes Spoon repeatedly; the schoolteacher obviously has inspired him.

James’ return to Alfred’s life contrasts with the bright hopes of the Thanksgiving holiday. James is now in the depths of his addiction. It is appropriate that he hovers behind a garbage can. James’ eyes, once bright and full of life, are sunken. He shivers inside a torn overcoat. All he can think of is another fix. As Alfred continues to find himself, James is lost.


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