Summaries and Commentaries

Book 1: Chapters II–III

Wharton increasingly pulls the reader into a world of conflicts and hypocrisy. The old New Yorkers are both drawn and repulsed by the money and possessions of the New Rich, as symbolized by Julius Beaufort’s rise in social status. Though old Mrs. Mingott’s English son-in-law sent letters of introduction with Beaufort, rumors circulate about his “dissipated habits” and cynicism. Speculation holds that he left an English banking house under questionable circumstances. His affairs with women and shady past are disregarded because he carries things off with style. The Old Rich tolerate the Beauforts because they have a ballroom that is used just for one night and closed off the other 364 days a year.

“Few things seem more awful to Newland than an offence against Taste.” He finds Ellen’s words distasteful as she humorously mentions that New York will be judging her. But that is exactly what his friends did in snickering about her past. Who knows what scandalous things she has been doing in Europe as a woman alone, and now she is here at the opera pretending to be a person of taste! Here the reader sees clearly the double standard of society and Newland’s complicity: toleration for Julius Beaufort and contempt for Ellen Olenska.


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