CliffsNotes on

The 1990s Newbery Medal Winners

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Introduction to the Newbery Medal

About the Newbery Medal
Introduction to the 1990s Newbery Medal Winners

Holes: About the Author

Life and Background
Sachar’s Selected Works

Holes: About the Book

A Brief Synopsis
Major Themes

Holes: Character Analyses

Stanley Yelnats IV
Zero (Hector Zeroni)
Madame Zeroni
Elya Yelnats
Stanley Yelnats II
Katherine “Kissin’ Kate” Barlow
Sam the Onion Man
Charles “Trout” Walker
Ms. Walker (The Warden)
Mr. Sir
Mr. Pendanski
X-Ray
Ms. Morengo

Holes: Study Help

Activities for Readers

Out of the Dust: About the Author

Life and Background
Hesse’s Selected Works

Out of the Dust: About the Book

A Brief Synopsis
Geography
Major Themes

Out of the Dust: Character Analyses

Billie Jo Kelby
Bayard Kelby
Polly Kelby (Pol)
Louise
Mad Dog Craddock

Out of the Dust: Study Help

Activities for Readers

The View From Saturday: About the Author

Life and Background
Konigsburg’s Selected Works

The View from Saturday: About the Book

A Brief Synopsis
Character Map
Major Themes

The View from Saturday: Character Analyses

Eva Marie Olinski
Nadia Diamondstein
Ethan Potter
Julian Singh
Noah Gershom

The View from Saturday: Study Help

Activities for Readers

The Midwife’s Apprentice: About the Author

Life and Background
Cushman’s Selected Works

The Midwife’s Apprentice: About the Book

A Brief Synopsis
Major Themes

The Midwife’s Apprentice: Character Analyses

Alyce (previously known as Brat and, later, Beetle)
Jane, the Midwife
Will Russet

The Midwife’s Apprentice: Study Help

Activities for Readers

Walk Two Moons: About the Author

Life and Background
Creech’s Selected Works

Walk Two Moons: About the Book

A Brief Synopsis
Major Themes

Walk Two Moons: Character Analyses

Salamanca Tree Hiddle (Sal)
Phoebe Winterbottom
John Hiddle
Chanhassen “Sugar” Hiddle
Gram and Gramps Hiddle
Ben Finney
Margaret Cadaver

Walk Two Moons: Study Help

Activities for Readers

The Giver: About the Author

The Giver: About the Book

A Brief Synopsis
Major Themes

The Giver: Character Analyses

Jonas
The Giver
Mother
Father
Lily
Asher
Fiona
The Community Members

The Giver: Study Help

Activities for Readers

Missing May: About the Author

Missing May: About the Book

A Brief Synopsis
Geography
Major Themes

Missing May: Character Analyses

Summer
Uncle Ob
Aunt May
Cletus Underwood

Missing May: Study Help

Activities for Readers

Shiloh: About the Author

Shiloh: About the Book

A Brief Synopsis
Major Themes

Shiloh: Character Analyses

Marty
Dad (Ray Preston)
Ma (Lou Preston)
Judd Travers
David Howard

Shiloh: Study Help

Activities for Readers

Maniac Magee: About the Author

Maniac Magee: About the Book

A Brief Synopsis
Major Themes

Maniac Magee: Character Analyses

Jeffrey Lionel (Maniac) Magee
Amada Beale
John McNab
Mars Bar Thompson
Grayson

Maniac Magee: Study Help

Activities for Readers

Number the Stars: About the Author

Life and Background
Lowry’s Selected Works

Number the Stars: About the Book

A Brief Synopsis
Geography
Major Themes

Number the Stars: Character Analyses

Annemarie Johansen
Ellen Rosen
Mr. and Mrs. Johansen and Henrik
Peter Neilsen

Number the Stars: Study Help

Activities for Readers

Study Help for All 1990's Newbery Medal Winners

Quiz

Cite this Literature Note

If you could go anywhere in the world, where would you go?

Africa
Asia
Australia
Europe
South America

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The Midwife’s Apprentice: Character Analyses

Jane, the Midwife

Jane is the only midwife in the village. She assists pregnant women who are in labor by using a combination of herbs, superstition, and common sense. She does her job “with energy and some skill, but without care, compassion, or joy.” Jane is a tough and greedy person. She demands high wages for her services because she has no competition— and that is just how she likes it. When she finds Brat in the dung heap, she realizes that she has found cheap labor. She takes Brat—whom she calls Beetle—home with her to work as her servant. Jane is sure that someone who looks as stupid and scared as Beetle will be no competition to her. She allows Beetle to learn about the herbs she uses, but controls Beetle’s learning by making her stay outside when she is delivering a baby and by verbally and physically abusing her.

The midwife becomes enraged when a pregnant woman requests Beetle’s services and not hers. She accuses Beetle (who is now known as Alyce) of stealing her mothers. The midwife is unaware of the knowledge that Alyce has gleaned from her and she is unaware that the villagers often ask Alyce for advice. Jane doesn’t realize how much she depends on Alyce until Alyce runs away.

The midwife goes to the inn where Alyce is working. Speaking to Magister Reese, a guest at the inn, about midwifery, she indirectly tells Alyce that she didn’t fail. She tells Magister Reese (knowing full well that Alyce is listening) that she needs an apprentice who will persevere and never give up. In her way, Jane encourages Alyce to be brave. She conveys the message to Alyce that it is better to try and fail—and try again—than to never try at all.


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