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Mythology

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About Mythology

Introduction

About Egyptian Mythology

Introduction
Principal Egyptian Gods

Summary and Analysis for Egyptian Mythology

The Creation
Osiris

About Babylonian Mythology

Introduction
Major Babylonian Gods

Summary and Analysis for Babylonian Mythology

The Creation, the Flood, and Gilgamesh

About Indian Mythology

Introduction
Main Vedic Gods
Hindu Gods and Concepts

Summary and Analysis for Indian Mythology

Indra and the Dragon
Bhrigu and the Three Gods
Rama and Sita and Buddha

About Greek Mythology

Introduction
The Titans
Other Primordial Deities
The Olympian Gods
Other Gods
Mythical Greek Geography

Summary and Analysis for Greek Mythology

The Beginnings — Creation
The Beginnings — Prometheus and Man, and The Five Ages of Man and the Flood
The Beginnings — Loves of Zeus
The Beginnings — Poseidon, Athena, Apollo, Artemis, Aphrodite, Hermes, Demeter, and Dionysus
The Heroes — Perseus, Bellerophon, and Heracles
The Heroes — Jason and Theseus
The Heroes — Meleager and Orpheus
The Tragic Dynasties — Crete: The House Of Minos
The Tragic Dynasties — Mycenae: The House Of Atreus
The Tragic Dynasties — Thebes: The House of Cadmus
The Tragic Dynasties — Athens: The House of Erichthonius
The Trojan War — The Preliminaries, The Course of the War, The Fall of Troy, and The Returns
The Trojan War — Odysseus' Adventures
Other Myths

About Roman Mythology

Introduction
The Roman Gods

Summary and Analysis in Roman Mythology

Patriotic Legends — Aeneas and Romulus and Remus
Love Tales — Pyramus and Thisbe, Baucis and Philemon, Pygmalion, Vertumnus and Pomona, Hero and Leander, Cupid and Psyche

About Norse Mythology

Introduction
Supernatural Races in Norse Myth
The Major Norse Gods
Creation and Catastrophe

Summary and Analysis for Norse Mythology

The Norse Gods — Odin, Thor, Balder, Frey, Freya, and Loki
Beowulf, The Volsungs, and Sigurd

About Arthurian Legends

Introduction

Summary and Analysis for Arthurian Legends

Merlin, King Arthur, Gawain, Launcelot, Geraint, Tristram, Percivale, the Grail Quest, and the Passing of Arthur's Realm

Critical Essays

A Brief Look at Mythology

Study and Homework Help

Essay Questions

Cite this Literature Note

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Summary and Analysis in Roman Mythology

Love Tales — Pyramus and Thisbe, Baucis and Philemon, Pygmalion, Vertumnus and Pomona, Hero and Leander, Cupid and Psyche

Shunning the world of fickle women, Pygmalion thought it best to live singly. But being a sculptor he fashioned a dream woman, one very elegant, modest, and realistic. Obsessed with his own marble creation, he brought it gifts and even lay with it in bed. Although he knew it wasn't real, he was completely in love with his statue and longed for it to respond to him. At a festival dedicated to Venus, Pygmalion prayed to the goddess to give the statue life. He went home and embraced it, and as he did so a pulse began to beat and the marble turned to warm flesh in his arms. In this way Pygmalion achieved possession of his ideal woman.

The nymph Pomona was single-mindedly devoted to the cultivation of fruit trees, and although she was strikingly beautiful, she disdained the suitors who flocked to her gardens and orchards. But one suitor was more determined than the rest. Vertumnus would resort to any disguise just to be near her — fisherman, farmer, shepherd. One day he visited her in the guise of an old woman and praised her fruit trees, kissing her passionately by way of greeting. The old woman then began to talk of her single state, of what a fine lad Vertumnus was, and of the dangers of rejecting men. She told Pomona a story of a young man who killed himself when rejected in love and of how the gods turned the woman who spurned him into a statue. But the words of the old woman did nothing to change Pomona. Finally in desperation Vertumnus threw off his disguise and stood naked before Pomona, who fell in love with his handsome form. They embraced and spent the rest of their lives tending fruit trees.

In Sestus there lived the lovely Hero in a tower by the sea, where she ministered to Venus and Cupid. Across the Hellespont lived Leander, a striking young man. They met at a festival of Adonis and fell in love. Leander agreed to swim the Hellespont for an assignation with Hero, while Hero would light a lamp to guide him. Thus, during the summer the two enjoyed many secret nights of love. But winter came with fierce weather and Hero could not resist putting the lamp forth to guide Leander to her bed. He drowned in the attempt to swim across from Abydos to Sestus. When Hero looked down at the wave-battered rocks in the morning and saw his mangled body she plunged from a crag onto the rocks, uniting herself with Leander in death.


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