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Mythology

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About Mythology

Introduction

About Egyptian Mythology

Introduction
Principal Egyptian Gods

Summary and Analysis for Egyptian Mythology

The Creation
Osiris

About Babylonian Mythology

Introduction
Major Babylonian Gods

Summary and Analysis for Babylonian Mythology

The Creation, the Flood, and Gilgamesh

About Indian Mythology

Introduction
Main Vedic Gods
Hindu Gods and Concepts

Summary and Analysis for Indian Mythology

Indra and the Dragon
Bhrigu and the Three Gods
Rama and Sita and Buddha

About Greek Mythology

Introduction
The Titans
Other Primordial Deities
The Olympian Gods
Other Gods
Mythical Greek Geography

Summary and Analysis for Greek Mythology

The Beginnings — Creation
The Beginnings — Prometheus and Man, and The Five Ages of Man and the Flood
The Beginnings — Loves of Zeus
The Beginnings — Poseidon, Athena, Apollo, Artemis, Aphrodite, Hermes, Demeter, and Dionysus
The Heroes — Perseus, Bellerophon, and Heracles
The Heroes — Jason and Theseus
The Heroes — Meleager and Orpheus
The Tragic Dynasties — Crete: The House Of Minos
The Tragic Dynasties — Mycenae: The House Of Atreus
The Tragic Dynasties — Thebes: The House of Cadmus
The Tragic Dynasties — Athens: The House of Erichthonius
The Trojan War — The Preliminaries, The Course of the War, The Fall of Troy, and The Returns
The Trojan War — Odysseus' Adventures
Other Myths

About Roman Mythology

Introduction
The Roman Gods

Summary and Analysis in Roman Mythology

Patriotic Legends — Aeneas and Romulus and Remus
Love Tales — Pyramus and Thisbe, Baucis and Philemon, Pygmalion, Vertumnus and Pomona, Hero and Leander, Cupid and Psyche

About Norse Mythology

Introduction
Supernatural Races in Norse Myth
The Major Norse Gods
Creation and Catastrophe

Summary and Analysis for Norse Mythology

The Norse Gods — Odin, Thor, Balder, Frey, Freya, and Loki
Beowulf, The Volsungs, and Sigurd

About Arthurian Legends

Introduction

Summary and Analysis for Arthurian Legends

Merlin, King Arthur, Gawain, Launcelot, Geraint, Tristram, Percivale, the Grail Quest, and the Passing of Arthur's Realm

Critical Essays

A Brief Look at Mythology

Study and Homework Help

Essay Questions

Cite this Literature Note

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Summary and Analysis for Greek Mythology

The Trojan War — The Preliminaries, The Course of the War, The Fall of Troy, and The Returns

The next day the Greeks were forced back to the beach, and Agamemnon, Odysseus, and Diomedes were wounded. Hera resolved to turn the tide of battle. Using Aphrodite's magic girdle, she seduced Zeus into making love to her and forgetting about the war. While Zeus was engaged Poseidon entered the fray and made the Trojans retreat. Ajax hurled a boulder at Hector and felled him, whereupon the Trojans ran madly for the city. Zeus recovered from his infatuation, saw the rout, threatened to beat Hera, and ordered Poseidon from the field.

Apollo came to Hector's aid, breathing vigor into him. Once again the Trojans gained the upper hand. With Hector in the forefront the Trojans smashed down the protective barricades the Greeks had built to protect their ships. Greatly alarmed, Achilles' companion Patroclus tried to persuade his friend to fight, but still Achilles declined. Patroclus then borrowed Achilles' armor and entered the battle. Thinking that Achilles was now fighting, the Trojans panicked as Patroclus slaughtered them right and left. He made his way to the walls of Troy, but Apollo dazed him as he tried to scale them. Hector found Patroclus then and slew him, stripping him of his splendid armor.

When Achilles received news of Patroclus' death he threw himself on the ground in a frenzy of grief and had to be restrained. His mother, Thetis, brought him new armor fashioned by Hephaestus, but she warned him that if he killed Hector he himself would perish soon after. Nevertheless, Achilles was determined to slay Hector and a host of Trojans besides. The next morning he made a formal reconciliation with Agamemnon and began fighting immediately.

The clash of arms that day was terrible. While Hector and Aeneas killed many Greeks they could not stop Achilles in his furor of bloodletting. In fact, both Aeneas and Hector had to be rescued with divine help. Achilles filled the Scamander River so full of bodies in his dreadful onslaught that the waters over-flowed and nearly drowned him. The gods, too, engaged in battle among themselves, as Athena felled Ares, Hera boxed Artemis' ears, and Poseidon provoked Apollo.


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