Although he becomes worn down by the hardships and fears of primitive life and is gradually infected by the savagery of the other boys, Ralph is the only character who identifies Simon’s death as murder and has a realistic, unvarnished view of his participation. He feels both loathing and excitement over the kill he witnessed. Once Ralph becomes prey, he realizes that he is an outcast “Cos I had some sense” — not just common sense but a sense of his identity as a civilized person, a sense of the particular morality that had governed the boys’ culture back home.
When Ralph encounters the officer on the beach at the end of the book, he is not relieved at being rescued from a certain grisly death but discomforted over “his filthy appearance,” an indication that his civility had endured his ordeal. In exchange for his innocence, he has gained an understanding of humankind’s natural character, an understanding not heretofore available to him: that evil is universally present in all people and requires a constant resistance by the intellect that was Piggy, by the mysticism and spiritualism that was Simon, and by the hopes and dreams that are his.
