CliffsNotes on

Leaves of Grass

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Walt Whitman Biography

Life and Background
A Whitman Chronology

From Inscriptions

Introduction
"One's-Self I Sing"
"As I Ponder'd in Silence"
"For Him I Sing"
"To the States"
"I Hear America Singing"
"Poets to Come"
"To You"
"Thou Reader"

"Song of Myself"

Introduction
Sections 1–5, lines 1–98
Sections 6–19, lines 99–388
Sections 20–25, lines 389–581
Sections 26–38, lines 582–975
Sections 39–41, lines 976–1053
Sections 42–52, lines 1054–1347

From Children Of Adam

Introduction
"To the Garden of the World"
"Spontaneous Me"
"Ages and Ages Returning at Intervals"
"As Adam Early in the Morning"

From Calamus

Introduction
"In Paths Untrodden"
"Scented Herbage of My Breast"
"Whoever You Are Holding Me Now in Hand"
"When I Heard at the Close of the Day"
"Are You the New Person Drawn Toward Me?"
"Not Heat Flames Up and Consumes"
"I Saw in Louisiana a Live-Oak Growing"
"Full of Life Now"
"Crossing Brooklyn Ferry"
"Song of the Broad-Axe"
"Pioneers! O Pioneers!"
"Out of the Cradle Endlessly Rocking"
"When I Heard the Learn'd Astronomer"
"Beat! Beat! Drums!"
"Cavalry Crossing a Ford"
"When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd"
"As Consequent, Etc."
"There Was a Child Went Forth"
"Passage to India"
"The Sleepers"
"To a Locomotive in Winter"
"As the Time Draws Nigh"
"So Long!"
"Queries to My Seventieth Year"
"America"
"Good-Bye My Fancy!"

Critical Essays

Form and Style in Leaves of Grass
Themes in Leaves of Grass
Whitman: The Quintessential American Poet

Study and Homework Help

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From Inscriptions

Introduction

The 1871 edition of Leaves of Grass contained nine poems classified as Inscriptions; the 1881 edition contained twentyfour such poems, including two long ones, "Starting from Paumanok" and "Song of Myself."

The Inscriptions are dedicatory poems and form a preface to the main body of Leaves of Grass. This group of poems does not, however, indicate any well-thought-out plan or organization — it seems, rather, an improvised prologue. The themes are diverse, the symbolism is varied, and the only thing which really holds the group together is the poet's clear intention to provide a prologue. The lack of unity in theme and the general lack of close-knit organization is partly due to Whitman's continual reclassification of his poems. Some of the poems in Inscriptions were at first included with other sections of Leaves.

The arrangement of the poems in Inscriptions does, however, suggest the general arrangement of Leaves of Grass, a natural biographical sequence in which the early poems deal with youth and the later ones with old age and approaching death.


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