CliffsNotes on

Leaves of Grass

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Walt Whitman Biography

Life and Background
A Whitman Chronology

From Inscriptions

Introduction
"One's-Self I Sing"
"As I Ponder'd in Silence"
"For Him I Sing"
"To the States"
"I Hear America Singing"
"Poets to Come"
"To You"
"Thou Reader"

"Song of Myself"

Introduction
Sections 1–5, lines 1–98
Sections 6–19, lines 99–388
Sections 20–25, lines 389–581
Sections 26–38, lines 582–975
Sections 39–41, lines 976–1053
Sections 42–52, lines 1054–1347

From Children Of Adam

Introduction
"To the Garden of the World"
"Spontaneous Me"
"Ages and Ages Returning at Intervals"
"As Adam Early in the Morning"

From Calamus

Introduction
"In Paths Untrodden"
"Scented Herbage of My Breast"
"Whoever You Are Holding Me Now in Hand"
"When I Heard at the Close of the Day"
"Are You the New Person Drawn Toward Me?"
"Not Heat Flames Up and Consumes"
"I Saw in Louisiana a Live-Oak Growing"
"Full of Life Now"
"Crossing Brooklyn Ferry"
"Song of the Broad-Axe"
"Pioneers! O Pioneers!"
"Out of the Cradle Endlessly Rocking"
"When I Heard the Learn'd Astronomer"
"Beat! Beat! Drums!"
"Cavalry Crossing a Ford"
"When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd"
"As Consequent, Etc."
"There Was a Child Went Forth"
"Passage to India"
"The Sleepers"
"To a Locomotive in Winter"
"As the Time Draws Nigh"
"So Long!"
"Queries to My Seventieth Year"
"America"
"Good-Bye My Fancy!"

Critical Essays

Form and Style in Leaves of Grass
Themes in Leaves of Grass
Whitman: The Quintessential American Poet

Study and Homework Help

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From Calamus

"Passage to India"

In section 8, the poet and his soul are about to "launch out on trackless seas" and to sail "on waves of ecstasy" singing "our song of God." The soul pleases the poet, and the poet pleases the soul, and they begin their spiritual exploration. They believe in God "but with the mystery of God we dare not dally." They think "silent thoughts, of Time and Space and Death." The poet addresses God as "O Thou transcendent,/ Nameless," as the source of light and cosmic design and a "moral, spiritual fountain." Whitman "shrivels at the thought of God,/At Nature and its wonders," but he expects the soul to bring about a harmonious reconciliation with these forces. When the soul accomplishes its journey and confronts God, it will be as if it had found an older brother. It will finally melt "in fondness in his arms."

The last two sections of this poem are marked by an upsurge of spiritual thought and an ecstatic experience. The poet and his soul, like two lovers, are united in harmony. They seek the mystical experience of union with God. The poet reflects on the nature of God as a transcendental deity. By comprehending God, the poet is enabled to comprehend himself and also man's complex relationship with time, space, and death. The soul is eternal and establishes its relationship with time. The soul is vast and expansive and thus forms a relationship with space. The soul is alive forever and thus conquers death.

In section 8, the poet and his soul together seek to perceive the Divine Reality. Both eagerly await a mystical experience of union with God, of merging with the Divine Being. God is conceived of as a "fountain" or "reservoir" and this image is similar to the basic metaphor of water, which is necessary to nourish the greenery" of Leaves of Grass.


"Passage to India": 1 2 3 4 5 6
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