CliffsNotes on

Le Morte d'Arthur

Search this CliffsNote

About the Author

The Life of Malory
Malory and the Legend of Arthur

About the Work

Introduction
A Brief Synopsis
List of Characters
The Text

Summaries and Commentaries

Book I. The Tale of King Arthur: Merlin
Book I. The Tale of King Arthur: The Knight with the Two Swords
Book I. The Tale of King Arthur: Tor and Pellanor
Book I. The Tale of King Arthur: The Death of Merlin and the War with the Five Kings; Arthur and Accolon; Gawain, Ywain, and Marhault
Book II: Arthur and King Lucius
Book III: Sir Launcelot Du Lake
Book IV: The Tale of Sir Gareth
Book V. Sir Tristram De Lyones: Isode (Isolde) the Fair
Book V. Sir Tristram De Lyones: Lamerok of Wales; Sir La Cote Male Tale
Book V. Sir Tristram De Lyones: Tristram’s Madness and Exile; The Castle of Maidens
Book V. Sir Tristram De Lyones: The Round Table
Book V. Sir Tristram De Lyones: King Mark
Book V. Sir Tristram De Lyones: Alexander the Orphan
Book V. Sir Tristram De Lyones: The Tournament at Surluse
Book V. Sir Tristram De Lyones: Joyous Gard
Book V. Sir Tristram De Lyones: The Red City
Book V. Sir Tristram De Lyones: The Tournament at Lonezep
Book V. Sir Tristram De Lyones: Sir Palomydes
Book V. Sir Tristram De Lyones: Launcelot and Elayne
Book V. Sir Tristram De Lyones: Conclusion
Book VI. The Tale of the Holy Grail: The Departure
Book VI. The Tale of the Holy Grail: The Miracles
Book VI. The Tale of the Holy Grail: Sir Percival
Book VI. The Tale of the Holy Grail: Sir Launcelot
Book VI. The Tale of the Holy Grail: Sir Gawain
Book VI. The Tale of the Holy Grail: Sir Bors
Book VI. The Tale of the Holy Grail: Sir Galahad
Book VI. The Tale of the Holy Grail: The Castle of Corbenic
Book VI. The Tale of the Holy Grail: The Miracle of Galahad
Book VII. Sir Launcelot and Queen Guinevere: The Poisoned Apple
Book VII. Sir Launcelot and Queen Guinevere: The Fair Maid of Astalot
Book VII. Sir Launcelot and Queen Guinevere: The Great Tournament
Book VII. Sir Launcelot and Queen Guinevere: The Knight of the Cart
Book VII. Sir Launcelot and Queen Guinevere: The Healing of Sir Urry
Book VIII. The Death of King Arthur: Slander and Strife
Book VIII. The Death of King Arthur: The Vengeance of SirGawain
Book VIII. The Death of King Arthur: The Siege of Benwick
Book VIII. The Death of King Arthur: The Day of Destiny
Book VIII. The Death of King Arthur: The Death of Sir Launcelot and Queen Guinevere

Study Help

Quiz
Essay Questions

Cite this Literature Note

What should be his first order of business once President-elect Obama takes office?

Cutting taxes/economic recovery.
Promoting peace in Israel/Gaza.
Ending the war in Iraq.
Creating jobs/dealing with unemployment.
Addressing climate change/environmental issues.

View Results

Summaries and Commentaries

Book VIII. The Death of King Arthur: The Day of Destiny

Mordred makes himself King of England and incestuously claims Guinevere as his wife. Guinevere escapes to the Tower of London. The Bishop of Canterbury reproaches Mordred for his usurpation and would-be incest, and when Mordred tries to kill him, he flees and becomes a hermit. Mordred wins many Englishmen to his side, then meets Arthur at Dover but is forced to retreat from him.

In this battle Gawain is mortally wounded. As he dies he admits to Arthur that if it were not for his insane pride in insisting on unjust revenge, Launcelot would be here now to save the kingdom; then he writes Launcelot, begging him to come help Arthur and also to pray at his tomb. Then, bleeding from the wound he got originally from Launcelot—with the fated sword of Balyn—Gawain dies.

Arthur meets Mordred again at the battle of Bareon Down and again puts him to flight. They meet next at Salisbury Plain, and there, with all who loved Launcelot fighting on Mordred’s side, they prepare for what is to be their last battle. The night before the battle, Arthur dreams he is on the Wheel of Fortune, sitting on a throne and dressed in the richest gold that can be made:

And the kynge thought there was undir hym, farre from

hym, an hydeous depe blak watir, and therein was all

maner of serpentis and wormes and wylde bestis fowle

and orryble. And suddeynly the kyrige thought that the

whyle turned upso-downe, and he felle anionge the

serpentis, and every beste toke hym by it lynnue. And

than the kynge cryed as he lay in hys bed, “Helpe!

Helpe!”

After the prophetic dream he has another. Gawain and a number of ladies come to him to warn him against fighting in the morning for if Arthur fights, he will die; if he waits for a month, Launcelot will be here to help him. Then Gawain and the ladies vanish.

Arthur asks a truce, and the two armies meet on the field to set terms. An adder appears, a knight unthinkingly draws his sword to kill it, and the two armies are at war. At the end of the day, Mordred is the only man of his army left standing, and Arthur has only two knights, Sir Lucan and Sir Bedivere. Against Sir Lucan’s advice, Arthur fights Mordred and kills him, but he gets his own death wound as he does it. Lucan and Bedivere bear him to a chapel. Robbers overrun the battlefield stealing the gear of dead knights, killing any that have life left in them.

Arthur is dying and cannot be moved to safety. And so he sends Bedivere to throw Excalibur into the lake nearby, then return and tell what he has seen. Bedivere hides the sword under a tree, thinking it too precious to throw away, then returns and says he has obeyed. “What did you see?” Arthur asks. Bedivere says he saw only waves and winds. Arthur sends him twice more, and the last time Bedivere does as he has been commanded. A hand catches the sword and brandishes it three times.

Then at Arthur’s command, Bedivere carries the king to the waterside, where a barge awaits him and some ladies in black hoods. Bedivere puts Arthur in the barge and he is borne away to Avilon, perhaps to heal his wounds, perhaps to die. Bedivere wanders through a forest until he comes to where a hermit is kneeling over a fresh grave. It is the grave of a man brought to him at midnight by ladies in black. Whether or not the body is really that of Arthur, no one knows. Some say Arthur still lives, and some say riot.


Video Interviews with Real Students
Get to know your top college picks without stepping foot on campus.
Watch now!
Study Guides To-Go!
Get the complete text from CliffsNotes guides on your video iPod®.
Learn more!
cover
Learn the Words You Should Know
Vocabulary Puzzles is the fun way to ace the SAT, ACT, GRE, LSAT & more!
The Ultimate Learning Experience!
WATCH the film and READ the lit note for a fast way to study!
Learn more!