shrewdly bitterly.
rouse a toast in which all glasses must be drained before lowering.
wassail revelry, carousing.
Up-spring a high-kicking, wild German dance.
Rhenish Rhine wine.
bray out celebrate.
the triumph of his pledge his drinking ability.
to the manner born accustomed to it since a child.
traduc'd and tax'd defamed and censored.
of by.
clepe to call or address (a person).
mole blemish.
o'er-leavens ferments.
nature's livery, or fortune's star inborn or the result of bad luck.
His virtues else his other virtues.
general censure public's judgment.
The dram of evil / Doth all the noble substance of a doubt, / To his own scandal a much-disputed passage. Perhaps a line is missing. The general meaning seems to be that it takes only a small portion of evil to bring a scandal on the entire substance, however noble it may otherwise be.
spirit of health There are two possible meanings. First, a saved (healthy) soul, not a lost one. Second, a healing or beneficent spirit.
goblin damn'd damned agent of the devil. Hamlet, from the very first, seems to question the authenticity of the ghost as the true spirit of his father.
hearsed buried.
cerements cloths or sheets wrapped around a dead person; shrouds.
inurn'd buried; entombed (literally, put the ashes of a dead person into an urn).
complete steel full armor.
flood sea. Elsinore is situated on the Danish coast.
beetles o'er overhangs.
toys of desperation desperate fancies or impulses — referring to the impulse to jump off a high place.
Nemean in Greek mythology, a reference to a fierce lion from Nemea killed by Hercules as the first of his twelve labors.
lets hinders.
