About the Novel

Chronology

1904    Ko Wakatsuki immigrates from Japan to Honolulu, then accepts passage to Idaho to work as a houseboy.

1906            Mama and Granny immigrate from Hawaii to Spokane, Washington.

April 18, 1906    San Francisco suffers a cataclysmic earthquake and fire the day before Mama and Granny arrive.

1909            Ko enters the University of Idaho to study law.

1915            Ko elopes with Mama.

1934            Jeanne Wakatsuki, the youngest of ten children, is born in Inglewood, California.

December 21, 1941    Ko Wakatsuki is arrested by FBI agents following the bombing of Pearl Harbor.

Winter 1941-42    Ko suffers from alcohol abuse and frostbite in both feet during imprisonment at Fort Lincoln, North Dakota.

February 25, 1942    The fatherless Wakatsukis are ordered to vacate Terminal Island because the government fears that Japanese Americans threaten the naval base.

April 1942    Twelve Wakatsukis move from Boyle Heights in Los Angeles to Manzanar and settle in Block 16 of the barracks. Mitsue Endo challenges her detention at Topaz Camp, Utah.

June 10, 1942        Wada and crew dedicate Manzanar's flagpole circle.

September 1942    Chizu gives birth to George, Ko's first grandson, the day before Ko returns from prison. Ko is labeled an inu, or collaborator.

December 1942    Militant pro-Japanese dissidents organize a camp riot. Camp officials provide families with Christmas trees.

February 1943    Internees are forced to sign a loyalty oath to honor the U.S. and serve in the military if called to do so.

Spring 1943    The Wakatsukis move to more bearable quarters in Block 28. Ko takes up gardening and prunes pear trees. Eleanor gives birth to a     son while her husband, Shig, serves in the military.

August 1944        Woody is drafted.

November 1944        Woody is called up for active duty in Germany.

Winter 1944        Only 6,000 internees remain at Manzanar.

January 1945        Internees begin returning to homes and farms.

June 1945    The Manzanar high school publishes a second yearbook, Valediction 1945. The camp's schools close.

August 6, 1945        The war ends following the dropping of an atomic bomb on Hiroshima, Japan.

Early October, 1945    The Wakatsukis depart Manzanar, leaving 2,000 internees behind. They settle in Cabrillo Homes in Long Beach.

December 1, 1945    Internment camps close.

1951            Ko moves his family to a strawberry farm in San Jose.

1957            Ko dies.

1965            Mama Wakatsuki dies.

1966    Jeanne Houston, still emotionally affected by internment, cannot make herself speak to a Caucasian woman who worked as a Manzanar photographer.

April 1972    Jeanne and James Houston drive their three children from Santa Cruz to Manzanar.


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