CliffsNotes on

Atlas Shrugged

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Book Summary

Ayn Rand Biography

Early Life and Education
Career Highlights
Rand's Philosophy: Objectivism

About Atlas Shrugged

Introduction
The Cold War and Collectivism
An Appeal for Freedom
The Mind on Strike
Objectivism in Action

Summary and Analysis by Chapter

Part 1: Chapter 1: The Theme
Part 1: Chapter 2: The Chain
Part 1: Chapter 3: The Top and the Bottom
Part 1: Chapter 4: The Immovable Movers
Part 1: Chapter 5: The Climax of the d'Anconias
Part 1: Chapter 6: The Non-Commercial
Part 1: Chapter 7: The Exploiters and the Exploited
Part 1: Chapter 8: The John Galt Line
Part 1: Chapter 9: The Sacred and the Profane
Part 1: Chapter 10: Wyatt's Torch
Part 2: Chapter 1: The Man Who Belonged on Earth
Part 2: Chapter 2: The Aristocracy of Pull
Part 2: Chapter 3: White Blackmail
Part 2: Chapter 4: The Sanction of the Victim
Part 2: Chapter 5: Account Overdrawn
Part 2: Chapter 6: Miracle Metal
Part 2: Chapter 7: The Moratorium on Brains
Part 2: Chapter 8: By our Love
Part 2: Chapter 9: The Face Without Pain or Fear or Guilt
Part 2: Chapter 10: The Sign of the Dollar
Part 3: Chapter 1: Atlantis
Part 3: Chapter 2: The Utopia of Greed
Part 3: Chapter 3: Anti-Greed
Part 3: Chapter 4: Anti-Life
Part 3: Chapter 5: Their Brothers' Keepers
Part 3: Chapter 6: The Concerto of Deliverance
Part 3: Chapter 7: "This is John Galt Speaking"
Part 3: Chapter 8: The Egoist
Part 3: Chapter 9: The Generator
Part 3: Chapter 10: In the Name of the Best Within Us

Character List

Character Map

Character Analysis

John Galt
Dagny Taggart
Hank Rearden
Francisco d'Anconia
James Taggart

Critical Essays

The Role of the Mind in Human Life in Atlas Shrugged
The Role of the Common Man in Atlas Shrugged: The Eddie Willers Story

Study and Homework Help

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Character Analysis

Francisco d'Anconia

Francisco is one of John Galt's two closest friends and an indispensable ally in the strike. He takes on the role of squandering playboy as cover for his two real activities. One of these is to gradually obliterate all assets of the world's wealthiest corporation — d'Anconia Copper — and in so doing, to help destroy other industrial concerns, such as Taggart Transcontinental. His other purpose is to recruit great thinkers for the strike. More than anyone else, Francisco helps liberate Hank Rearden from the shackles of the self-sacrifice ethics, enabling Rearden to recognize the virtue and necessity of the strike.

The swashbuckling gaiety and enthusiasm that define Francisco's character result from his view of the world — a view that Ayn Rand terms the benevolent universe premise. This theory holds that reality is open to the achievements of rational men. Human beings who recognize that rational thought and productive effort alone advance their lives, and who don't place their whims above facts, can expect to attain their goals and live in happiness. Francisco's recognition of this truth is expressed in the two refrains of his childhood. "Let's find out!" was his way to motivate Dagny and Eddie to embark on a new adventure. "Let's make it" was his call to engage in acts of construction. The first expresses an explorer's premise, the second a builder's. Both represent a man to whom reality is open, an individual for whom all roads are cleared and green lights stretch to the horizon.


Francisco d'Anconia: 1 2
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