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Prepositional Modifiers

Prepositional modifies, which describe things, adhere to the following rules:

  • A preposition + a noun modifying another noun is equivalent to an adjective:

    • une brosse à cheveux (a hair brush)

    • une voiture de sport (a sports car)

    • une bague en or (a gold ring)

  • The preposition à + noun is used to express the use, function, or characteristic of an object or person:

    • du vernis à ongles (nail polish)

    • une boîte aux lettres (a mailbox)

    • la fille aux yeux bleus (the girl with blue eyes)

  • The preposition à + verb may be used to describe the purpose of a noun:

    • une machine à écrire (a typewriter)

  • The preposition de + noun (and less frequently, en + noun) expresses the source or the content of an object:

    • une robe de soie (a silk dress)

    • des mouchoirs en papier (tissues)

  • The de + noun combination also expresses possession:

    • C'est l'ami d'Anne. (It's Anne's friend.)

  • A preposition + a noun modifying a verb is equivalent to an adverb:

    • Ils travaillent avec soin. (They work carefully.)

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