Fatty Acid Oxidation
Lipid Biosynthesis
HMG-CoA reductase is the committed and therefore the regulatory step in cholesterol biosynthesis. If HMG-CoA is reduced to mevalonate, cholesterol is the only product that can result. The reduction is a two-step reaction, which releases the Coenzyme A cofactor and converts the thiol-bound carboxylic group of HMG-CoA to a free alcohol. Two NADPH molecules supply the reducing equivalents because the thioester must first be reduced to the level of an aldehyde and then to an alcohol.
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